Journal of Natural Sciences and Technologies

MODELS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES MANAGEMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY

Mykola Starodubtsev — 2024-07-15

The methodological aspects of applying the theory of fuzzy sets in the management of technical process of production of motor vehicle equipment, concerning the reliability, accuracy and stability of the obtained solutions, are considered. A method of formalizing fuzzy concepts based on an objective probabilistic approach is proposed, which allows increasing the reliability of modeling results.

ANOMALY DETECTION IN RAILWAY IMAGES USING UNSUPERVISED CLUSTERING OF INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

Mehmet Fidan — 2024-07-15

This paper presents a novel system for the unsupervised detection of anomalies in railway images using infrared thermography. The system comprises three main stages: image preprocessing, feature extraction, and clustering. In the image preprocessing stage, the infrared images are enhanced and normalized to improve the subsequent feature extraction. In the feature extraction stage, a set of relevant features is extracted from the preprocessed images. Finally, in the clustering stage, unsupervised clustering algorithms are employed to group the extracted features into different clusters, each representing a specific anomaly type. The proposed system is evaluated on a real-world dataset of railway images captured by a thermal camera. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in detecting various types of anomalies with high accuracy.

FEATURES OF 3D PRINTING OF ORAL FILMS

Bohdan Misan — 2024-07-15

3D printing technology is revolutionizing the medical industry by offering personalized and efficient solutions for the production of medical devices, implants, and prostheses. This technology enables the creation of complex geometric shapes that were previously unachievable or impractical with traditional manufacturing methods, significantly enhancing the personalization of treatment while reducing both cost and production time. The development of new polymer materials is expanding the capabilities of this technology, improving the biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of materials. Techniques such as Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Digital Light Processing (DLP), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and MultiJet Printing (MJP) are increasingly used to produce accurate medical prototypes. Despite the vast opportunities 3D printing technology offers for personalized treatment and medical device production, several critical challenges remain. Material safety is of paramount concern, as not all materials used are adequately tested for biocompatibility and compliance with medical standards. Ensuring high accuracy and quality in 3D printed products also presents significant challenges, particularly when scaling up production. Additionally, regulatory issues concerning the classification and certification of 3D-printed medical devices need more standardized and unified approaches. Another significant issue is the high cost associated with 3D printing technologies and materials, which can restrict their accessibility, especially in developing countries. However, ongoing software development and improvements in technological processes hold the potential to overcome these barriers, significantly expanding the role of 3D printing in healthcare.

USE OF GPS MONITORING IN TRANSPORT LOGISTICS

Sofiia Khrustalova — 2024-07-15

The subject of this study is the methods, tools and automated systems for monitoring the transport logistics of an enterprise. The object of research is the process of monitoring and controlling the targeted use of motor vehicles. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of vehicle operation at the enterprise. To achieve this goal, the following tasks have been solved: review and analysis of existing methods, tools and automated systems for monitoring the transport logistics of enterprises; selection of components of the monitoring system; development of a structural diagram and algorithm for the automated system for monitoring the transport logistics of an enterprise; modeling of the process of monitoring and controlling the target use of vehicles based on GPS technology. The following methods are used in the work: methods of determining the coordinates of objects, methods of data transmission and processing. The following results have been obtained: a general description of the automated system for monitoring the transport logistics of an enterprise has been carried out, its composition and main tasks have been determined, wireless data transmission technology and system components have been selected, a structural diagram and algorithm for the automated monitoring system have been developed, a database management system has been selected, an entity-relationship model of the developed database has been created, and the system for monitoring the transport logistics of an enterprise has been implemented as a software tool. Conclusions: the use of the proposed automated system for monitoring the transport logistics of an enterprise allows optimizing costs and controlling the misuse of fuel, monitoring the location of the vehicle in real time, and protecting the vehicle from theft. Another important factor is improving the quality of the company's work. Route optimization not only improves efficiency and reduces business costs, but also allows you to control the level of service, which is especially important for cargo transportation when you need to deliver goods safely and as quickly as possible. Thus, the developed system minimizes the cost of additional functionality and significantly improves the efficiency of its operation and profitability by increasing the system's functionality.

Keywords: transport logistics; monitoring; GPS technology; automation; sensor.

INNOVATIONS IN WAREHOUSE LOGISTICS: ANALYSIS AND PROSPECTS

Andriy Slusar — 2024-07-15

The article analyzes the progressive development of warehouse logistics and the ways to achieve it, in particular with the help of robotics, Big Data, electronic data interchange technology and additive technologies. The importance of warehouse logistics for companies and its impact on costs is emphasized. The main global trends and their impact on the financial result and quality of services are analyzed. An overview of various types of innovative development is provided, including their advantages, disadvantages, and prospects for use in warehouse infrastructure.

CONSTRUCTING AN OPTIMAL ROUTE FOR A MOBILE ROBOT USING A WAVE ALGORITHM

Svitlana Maksymova — 2024-07-15

The article proposes the construction of an optimal route for a mobile robot using a wave algorithm. A mathematical description of the use of the wave algorithm is presented. The development of a program in Python is described. The authors describe the developed prototype of a mobile robot. Experiments have been carried out. The analyzed results show a fairly good speed of completion of the developed route.

OPTIMIZATION OF WORK: IN-DEPTH LOOK AT KANBAN, SCRUM AND LEAN

Svitlana SOTNIK — 2024-07-15

This work examines three leading methodologies for optimizing production flows: Kanban, Scrum and Lean. Their key principles, practices, strengths, and areas of application are explored. A comparative analysis of these methods is carried out with focus on optimizing workflows, increasing productivity and quality. The features of Agile and Lean concepts, as well as their differences and common features, are studied. Recommendations are given on how to choose most appropriate methodology depending on production characteristics, production scale, production values and standards. The importance of continuous monitoring, adaptation and optimization of chosen approach throughout product life cycle is emphasized. General statistics on use of Kanban, Scrum and Lean in companies in period from 2019 to 2024 are presented. The work reveals practical aspects of effective use of these methodologies to achieve high competitiveness of production in market.

CONTROL OF MULTINOMIUM PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PROCESSES

Mykola Starodubtsev — 2024-07-15

The problem of operational control of a manufacturing process under uncertainty is formulated as a problem of trajectory control. A model of phase-trajectory control of the process is developed, designed to select and adjust technological modes depending on the current state of the controlled technological object (TO) under a priori insufficiency and/or fuzziness of information.

A METHOD OF SORTING PARTS IN AN INTELLIGENT FACTORY BASED ON A MANIPULATOR WITH A PNEUMATIC GRIPPER IN COMBINATION WITH A COMPUTER VISION SYSTEM

Serhii Novoselov — 2024-07-15

This work presents the results of research in the field of automation of technological processes at a modern intelligent factory. A solution for improving the method of sorting parts on a production line using a manipulator with a pneumatic gripper in combination with a computer vision system is described. An analysis of the pneumatic scheme of the parts distribution station is carried out, the main pneumatic units of the production line are shown. Selected components for building a layout of an automated system for sorting parts on a production conveyor. Experimental studies were conducted to confirm the correctness of theoretical solutions. The model uses a manipulator with three degrees of freedom and a vacuum grip. The program uses the OpenCV library to perform the task of recognizing parts on the assembly line. Experimental studies have shown the correctness of the developed layout and program.